An option is a contract between two parties regarding the price direction of a particular share. One party believes the price of the share is going to rise in a certain time, the other believes the price is going to fall in that time. Depending on which direction each party believes the price is going to go, they will either buy or sell an option.
The person who purchases the option has the right but not the obligation, to buy or sell a set number of shares, at a pre - determined price on or before a set date in the future.
As you can purchase the right to either buy or sell shares, there are thus two types of options, a Call option and a Put option. A Call option gives the owner the right to BUY shares, whereas a PUT option gives the owner the right to SELL shares.
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